Endocrine Abstracts

Objectives: The sodium/iodide symporter (NIS) is a glycoprotein with unique ability of transporting iodine into the thyroid follicle. Apart from the importance in thyroid hormone synthesis, this function of NIS allows the use of radioactive iodine to target residual and metastatic thyroid cancer after thyroidectomy. However, 20–30% of thyroid tumors exhibit lowered expression of NIS, resulting in decreased uptake of radioiodine and inefficient post-surgical therapy. Mecha...

Introduction: Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma (PTC) exhibits activation of MAPK (Mitogen-activated protein kinases) pathway, leading to uncontrolled cellular division and growth. Concomitantly, thyroid tumors exhibit aberrant expression of numerous microRNAs, which are non-coding RNAs that inhibit expression of protein-coding genes. Employing next-generation sequencing (NGS), we revealed comprehensive miRNA profiles of normal thyroid and PTC, and identified putative novel microRNA...

Introduction: Papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) is the most common thyroid malignancy where alterations in the RET/PTC–RAS–BRAF signaling pathway and deregulation of microRNA (miRNA) expression are suggested to be major mechanism of pathogenesis. MicroRNAs are small non-coding RNA molecules that recognize specific sequences in 3′UTR of target gene and prevent from its translation. Our recent deep sequencing studies of thyroid tissue transcriptome revealed a put...

Background: Risk of developing papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC), the most frequent thyroid malignancy, is elevated up to 8.6-fold in the first-degree relatives of PTC patients, what could be explained by polygenic action of low-penetrance alleles. Since the DNA-damaging exposure to ionizing radiation is a known risk factor for thyroid cancer, polymorphisms in DNA repair genes are likely to affect this risk. Among the DNA repair proteins, the ATM–CHEK2–BRCA1 axis see...